Assignment: ENG 105 Topic 6 Discussion 1
Assignment: ENG 105 Topic 6 Discussion 1
Trend Related to Over Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Trend Related to Over Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
An evident trend in ADHD in recent years is the ever-increasing trend in the diagnosis of children with ADHD. This can be caused by the misdiagnosis of very active and energetic children. Abdelnour et al. (2022) show that throughout the last few decades, the number of people diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has steadily increased. According to Abdelnour et al. (2022), nationwide population surveys show an increase in prevalence from 6.1% to 10.2% between 1997 and 2016, and experts continue to argue and dispute the causes of this rise. Researchers from the University of Sydney in Australia reviewed publishing databases for studies on ADHD in children and adolescents from January 1, 1979, to August 21, 2021 (Nye, 2021). The evaluation of studies focused on five themes: evidence of overdiagnosis among subgroups from a scientific perspective, the growth of diagnosis and treatment over time, scientific evidence of subclinical or low-risk patients, the increase in the number of treated cases over time, and the benefits and harms associated with diagnosis and treatment. The majority of studies that included pharmacology data revealed that medication-assisted ADHD therapy has become increasingly common over time. These findings show that, compared to prior reported instances dating back to 1979, ADHD may be overdiagnosed and over-treated among teenagers. High-quality long-term research assessing potential negative consequences from needless therapy is required to provide educated ADHD diagnostic and treatment guidelines in children.
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The estimated percentage of children with ADHD has varied over time. In 1997, the first nationwide study asking parents about ADHD was conducted (CDC, 2022). Since then, there has been an increase in national estimates of parent-reported ADHD diagnoses across different age groups using multiple surveys. It is impossible to say if this increase reflects an increase in the number of children with ADHD or an increase in the number of children who were diagnosed. The most current figures, however, are consistent with past forecasts. Policies put in place to stop the overdiagnosis of ADHD in recent years include ensuring doctors are effectively trained on the symptoms of ADHD and not assuming an excited child is an ADHD candidate (Fairbank, 2023). At the same time, a child should be evaluated over time in behavior to make sure it is ADHD. A one-time event, or several isolated events, should not be regarded as ADHD (Fairbank, 2023)
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References
Abdelnour, E., Jansen, M. O., & Gold, J. A. (2022). ADHD diagnostic trends: Increased recognition or overdiagnosis? Missouri Medicine, 119(5), 467–473. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36337990
CDC. (2022, August 9). ADHD throughout the years. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/timeline.html
Fairbank, R. (2023). An ADHD diagnosis in adulthood comes with challenges and benefits. Apa.org. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/03/adult-adhd-diagnosis
Nye, J. (2021, June 1). Temporal trend of overdiagnosis and treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents. Psychiatry Advisor. https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/home/topics/adhd/temporal-trend-of-overdiagnosis-and-treatment-for-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-among-children-and-adolescents/
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Do some research to identify a trend, event, or a policy related to ADHD. If you look on news websites, you can identify and discuss what reporters are currently writing about ADHD. If you look at the policy statements by institutions such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html) or American Psychological Association (APA.org), you can identify and discuss which policies or advice they provide. You could also try finding events (either past events or future ones) about ADHD at the local, state, or national level and then explain what one or more events were (or will be) about. Then, summarize your findings and report them to the class by responding to this discussion question.
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