NSG 6101 Week 5 Discussion Research Design

 NSG 6101 Week 5 Discussion Research Design

 Is the use of soap and water or alcohol-based rubs more effective in preventing nosocomial infections? For patients 70 years and older, how effective is the use of the influenza vaccine at preventing flu compared to patients who have not received the vaccine? How effective are anti-depressive medications on anxiety and depression?

The aforementioned questions can be answered by the selection of an appropriate research design. A research design provides an appropriate structural framework to test hypotheses, estimate risk and evaluate causal-effect relationships. Several research designs can be deployed for the above research questions, although the selected design is a randomized control trial (RCT) study design. RCT is a study design that randomly allocates participants to compare a proposed new treatment against an existing standard of care (Nimavat et al., 2020). The rationale for selecting this design is that the research questions propose to explore an association between interventions and outcomes. For instance, the research questions require comparing the treatment and control groups. Additionally, the variable to be evaluated is single, and the patient group is precisely defined. Finally, the above research questions are foreground questions that are appropriately solved by RCT (Nimavat et al., 2020).

The strengths of randomized control trials include being the gold standard of research designs as it provides the most convincing evidence of the relationship between exposure and effect. Similarly, RCT assesses the value of new therapies, eliminates bias by controlling factors not under direct experimental control, and once done right, the results, whether bad or good, contribute to the collective scientific body of knowledge (Hariton & Locascio, 2018). On the other hand, weaknesses of RCT include ethical considerations, expensive and time-consuming to conduct, loss of follow-up, difficulty to conduct properly, and influence of sponsorship (Zeilstra et al., 2018). Finally, failure to blind assessors to the randomized status of the participants and failure to randomize all eligible subjects are among the other common weaknesses of this study design.

References

Hariton, E., & Locascio, J. J. (2018). Randomized controlled trials – the gold standard for effectiveness research: Study design: randomized controlled trials. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 125(13), 1716. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15199

Nimavat, B. D., Zirpe, K. G., & Gurav, S. K. (2020). Critical analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 24(Suppl 4), S215–S222. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23638

Zeilstra, D., Younes, J. A., Brummer, R. J., & Kleerebezem, M. (2018). Perspective: Fundamental limitations of the randomized controlled trial method in nutritional research: The example of probiotics. Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 9(5), 561–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy046

By the due date assigned, post your response to the assigned discussion questions in the below Discussion Area. It is important to support what you say with relevant citations in the APA format from both the course materials and outside resources. Include the South University Online Library in your research activities utilizing not only the nursing resource database, but also those pertaining to education, business, and human resources.

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Discussion Question

Review the following research questions.

1. Is the use of soap and water or alcohol-based rubs more effective in preventing nosocomial infections?
2. How effective are anti-depressive medications on anxiety and depression?
3. For patients of 70 years and older, how effective is the use of the influenza vaccine at preventing flu as compared to patients who have not received the vaccine?
4. What is the relationship between alcohol and breast cancer?
5. What is the difference between self-efficacy scores in older adults who exercise and the scores of those who do not?
6. What is the difference in attitudes of male and female college students toward condoms?

Next, select 3 of the above questions and address the following:

• Identify an appropriate research design.
• Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the design.
• Provide a rationale for the design you selected
  

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Rubrics

Response	No Submission 0 points	Emerging (F-D: 1-4) 4 points	Satisfactory (C: 5-6) 6 points	Proficient (B: 7-8) 8 points	Exemplary (A: 9-10) 10 points	Criterion Score
Quality of Initial Posting	No initial posting exists to evaluate.	The information provided is inaccurate, not focused on the assignment’s topic, and/or does not answer the question(s) fully. Response demonstrates incomplete understanding of the topic and/or inadequate preparation.	The information provided is accurate, giving a basic understanding of the topic(s) covered. A basic understanding is when you are able to describe the terms and concepts covered. Despite this basic understanding, initial posting may not include complete development of all aspects of the assignment.	The information provided is accurate, displaying a good understanding of the topic(s) covered. A good understanding is when you are able to explain the terms and topics covered. Initial posting demonstrates sincere reflection and addresses most aspects of the assignment, although all concepts may not be fully developed.	The information provided is accurate, providing an in-depth, well thought-out understanding of the topic(s) covered. An in-depth understanding provides an analysis of the information, synthesizing what is learned from the course/assigned readings.	Score of Quality of Initial Posting, / 10
Participation	No Submission 0 points	Emerging (F-D: 1-2) 2 points	Satisfactory (C) 3 points	Proficient (B) 4 points	Exemplary (A:) 5 points	Criterion Score
Participation in Discussion	No responses to other classmates were posted in this discussion forum.	May include one or more of the following: *Comments to only one other student’s post. *Comments are not substantive, such as just one line or saying, “Good job” or “I agree. *Comments are off topic.	Comments to two or more classmates’ initial posts but only on one day of the week. Comments are substantive, meaning they reflect and expand on what the other student wrote.	Comments to two or more classmates’ initial posts on more than one day. Comments are substantive, meaning they reflect and expand on what the other student wrote.	Comments to two or more classmates’ initial posts and to the instructor’s comment (if applicable) on two or more days. Responses demonstrate an analysis of peers’ comments, building on previous posts. Comments extend and deepen meaningful conversation and may include a follow-up question.	Score of Participation in Discussion, / 5

 

Writing	No Submission 0 points	Emerging (F-D: 1-2) 2 points	Satisfaction (C) 3 points	Proficient (B) 4 points	Exemplary (A) 5 points	Criterion Score
Writing Mechanics (Spelling, Grammar, Citation Style) and Information Literacy	No postings for which to evaluate language and grammar exist.	Numerous issues in any of the following: grammar, mechanics, spelling, use of slang, and incomplete or missing citations and references. If required for the assignment, did not use course, text, and/or outside readings (where relevant) to support work.	Some spelling, grammatical, and/or structural errors are present. Some errors in formatting citations and references are present. If required for the assignment, utilizes sources to support work for initial post but not comments to other students. Sources include course/text readings but outside sources (when relevant) include non-academic/authoritative, such as Wikis and .com resources.	Minor errors in grammar, mechanics, or spelling in the initial posting are present. Minor errors in formatting citations and references may exist. If required for the assignment, utilizes sources to support work for both the initial post and some of the comments to other students. Sources include course and text readings as well as outside sources (when relevant) that are academic and authoritative (e.g., journal articles, other text books, .gov Web sites, professional organization Web sites, cases, statutes, or administrative rules).	Minor to no errors exist in grammar, mechanics, or spelling in both the initial post and comments to others. Formatting of citations and references is correct. If required for the assignment, utilizes sources to support work for both the initial post and the comments to other students. Sources include course and text readings as well as outside sources (when relevant) that are academic and authoritative (e.g., journal articles, other text books, .gov Web sites, professional organization Web sites, cases, statutes, or administrative rules).	Score of Writing Mechanics (Spelling, Grammar, Citation Style) and Information Literacy, / 5

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Total          / 20

Participation	No Submission 0 points	Emerging (F-D: 1-2) 2 points	Satisfactory (C) 3 points	Proficient (B) 4 points	Exemplary (A:) 5 points	Criterion Score
Discuss your library search strategies and briefly summarize the literature you reviewed. Focus your discussion on the “problem” and how the literature you identified provides evidence of the existence of the problem.	Student did not submit assignment	Student provided an under-developed description of the for problem with little or no analysis of supportive evidence for the problem identified.	Student provided a minimally developed description of of problem with limited analysis of supportive evidence for the problem identified.	Student provided a developed description of the required elements for for the problem identified with reasonable analysis of concepts and related issues.	Student provided a fully developed description of the required the “problem” and how the literature you identified provides evidence of the existence of the problem.	Score of Discuss your library search strategies and briefly summarize the literature you reviewed. Focus your discussion on the “problem” and how the literature you identified provides evidence of the existence of the problem., / 5
Include in your discussion a potential innovation that you might consider as a solution to the problem identified.	Student did not submit assignment.	Student provided a under-developed discussion of how the problem and solution are viable with little or no analysis of concepts and related issues.	Student provided a minimally developed discussion of how selected innovation with limited analysis of concepts and related issues.	Student provided a developed discussion of potential innovations no older than 5 years since publication with reasonable analysis of concepts and related issues.	Student provided a fully developed discussion of potential innovation for problem identified.	Score of Include in your discussion a potential innovation that you might consider as a solution to the problem identified., / 5
Include citations/references in APA style format, using citations where appropriate.	Student did not submit assignment.	Demonstrates limited sentence, paragraph, and essay level skills. Has limited use of evidence with few or no sources to support the content. Does not meet the graduate level of writing and does not meet the minimum requirement. Demonstrates limited APA formatting with multiple formatting errors.	Demonstrates minimally developed sentence, paragraph, and essay level skills. Minimally meets the graduate level with several writing issues and meets the minimum reference requirement. Demonstrates minimally developed APA formatting with several formatting errors.	Demonstrates developed sentence, paragraph, and essay level skills. Meets the graduate level with minimal writing issues and exceeds the minimum reference requirement. Demonstrates developed APA formatting with minimal formatting errors.	Demonstrates fully developed sentence, paragraph and essay level skills. Meets the graduate level with no writing issues and exceeds the minimum reference requirement. Demonstrates fully developed APA formatting with no errors.	Score of Include citations/references in APA style format, using citations where appropriate., / 5
Writing	No Submission 0 points	Emerging (F-D: 1-2) 2 points	Satisfaction (C) 3 points	Proficient (B) 4 points	Exemplary (A) 5 points	Criterion Score
Participation No later than by the end of the week, review and comment on the discussion question responses posted by at least two of your peers.	Student did not submit assignment.	Demonstrates limited sentence, paragraph, and essay level skills. Has limited use of evidence with few or no sources to support the content. Does not meet the graduate level of writing and does not meet the minimum requirement. Demonstrates limited APA formatting with multiple formatting errors.	Demonstrates minimally developed sentence, paragraph, and essay level skills. Minimally meets the graduate level with several writing issues and meets the minimum reference requirement. Demonstrates minimally developed APA formatting with several formatting errors.	Demonstrates developed sentence, paragraph, and essay level skills. Meets the graduate level with minimal writing issues and exceeds the minimum reference requirement. Demonstrates developed APA formatting with minimal formatting errors.	Demonstrates fully developed sentence, paragraph and essay level skills. Meets the graduate level with no writing issues and exceeds the minimum reference requirement. Demonstrates fully developed APA formatting with no errors.	Score of Participation No later than by the end of the week, review and comment on the discussion question responses posted by at least two of your peers., / 5

Total

Score of NSG6101 Discussion Rubric (20 Points) – Version 1.0,

/ 20